Buyback tax changes: Why selling shares back may hurt your returns

The recent overhaul of India’s share buyback tax rules has left investors and market participants rethinking their strategies. What once seemed like an easy arbitrage opportunity — tendering shares at a premium buyback price — may now result in lower post-tax returns than simply selling in the open market.

 

From 1 October 2024, shareholders are no longer exempt from tax on buyback proceeds. The entire amount received is now treated as dividend income, taxable at the investor’s marginal rate — often exceeding 30%. Meanwhile, only the cost of acquisition is treated as a capital loss, yielding limited relief.

 

In this blog, we break down how this shift transforms the economics of buybacks, why even a 20% premium may not be worth it, and whether this sweeping rule — aimed at curbing misuse by unlisted companies — unfairly burdens shareholders of listed firms.